What are the lathe maintenance work?
What are the lathe maintenance work?
The lubrication method of the machine tool and the choice of lubricating grease are determined according to the structure of the machine tool, the degree of automation, the working conditions of the machine tool and the precision requirements. The machine tool lubrication should strive to avoid the reduction of wear and consumption. Temperature rise and vibration. As a complex and sophisticated machine, the machine tool uses a variety of transmissions, depending on the type of equipment, the working environment and the required precision requirements, the viscosity, oil resistance, extreme pressure resistance and other related properties of the lubricant. There are different requirements.
Lubrication of machine tools includes lubrication of bearings, gears, guide rails and tops; machine greases include: hydraulic oil, hydraulic guide oil and lubricating oil (fat). Different machine types and working conditions have different properties for lubricating oils. Claim:
Lubrication of bearings:
1) Lubrication of plain bearings: Sliding bearings are commonly used transmission methods.The role of lubrication also plays a role in cooling. Therefore, it is necessary to use a low-viscosity lubricating oil with good lubricating properties, and at the same time, it is required to have good oxidation resistance, abrasion resistance, rust resistance and foam resistance. For the precision sliding bearing used in the grinding stone spindle of the precision grinding machine, the bearing clearance is very small (1 micron), the rotation speed is particularly high (above 30000r/min), the viscosity should be small, and the excellent oil resistance is 2.0mm2 (40 °C) lubricant.
2) Lubrication of rolling bearing: Rolling bearing on the machine tool has the advantages of small friction coefficient and quiet operation. Therefore, a large number of rolling bearings have been used on the machine tool. When the inner diameter is 25mm and the rotation speed is below 30000r/min, high-speed grease can be sealed. For more than 30,000 r/min, apply forced lubrication or spray lubrication. It should be noted that in addition to the large and rough special conditions of rolling bearings, it is generally not possible to use grease containing solid lubricants.
Second gear lubrication:
The gears of the machine tool have little impact and vibration, and the load is small. Generally, it is not necessary to use lubricating oil containing extreme pressure additives. It is necessary to pay attention to how to prevent the thermal deformation of the headstock, the gear of the stamping or shearing machine with large impact load, the gear oil containing anti-wear agent should be used, and the gear oil for lubrication of circulating lubrication or oil bath should be considered. Anti-oxidation, but also anti-corrosion, anti-wear, anti-corrosion and anti-foaming. Choose the right gear oil and the right viscosity depending on the type of gear.
Lubrication of three rails:
The load and speed of the guide rail vary greatly. Generally, the load on the guide rail surface is 3-8N/cm2. However, due to frequent repeated movement of the guide rail, boundary lubrication is easily generated, and even semi-dry lubrication causes creeping, except for machine tool design and materials. Poor lubrication is the main cause of crawling. In order to overcome the creep phenomenon, in addition to the fluorine-based resin rail veneer, in the improvement of lubrication, mainly use anti-climbing agent-containing lubricating oil, guide rail lubrication generally uses the viscosity of 32, 68, 100, 150 rail oil, Spanish Eagle rail oil The BESLUXLUDER series (32, 46, 68, 100, 150, 220) conforms to the ISO6743/4 standard, L-HG class.
The top of the machine tool is a special type of bearing. The fixed top load is not large. Nowadays, high-speed machine tools use rotary tops and heavy load, so they are sealed with grease.